PAX
- Domain
- PAX domain
- Group
- Helix-turn-helix
- PFAM
- PF00292
- Desciption
- The paired domain, a ~126 amino acid DNA-binding domain, is found in eukaryotic transcription regulatory proteins involved in embryogenesis. Initially identified in Drosophila’s paired (prd) protein, it typically resides in the N-terminal region and may be followed by an octapeptide, a homeodomain, or a Pro-Ser-Thr-rich C terminus. Paired domain proteins act as transcription repressors or activators, with DNA-binding specificity mediated by three subdomains. Crystal structures reveal a bipartite DNA-binding paired domain: an N-terminal subdomain (PAI) and a C-terminal subdomain (RED), linked by a flexible linker. Both subdomains contain a helix-turn-helix motif that binds DNA's major groove, while the linker may bind the minor groove. Variations in domain usage across Pax proteins and isoforms determine sequence specificity.
- Rederence
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- Transcriptional repression by Pax5 (BSAP) through interaction with corepressors of the Groucho family. Eberhard D, Jimenez G, Heavey B, Busslinger M. EMBO J. 19, 2292-303, (2000).
- Genetic and biochemical diversity in the Pax gene family. Underhill DA. Biochem. Cell Biol. 78, 629-38, (2000).
- Conservation of a large protein domain in the segmentation gene paired and in functionally related genes of Drosophila. Bopp D, Burri M, Baumgartner S, Frigerio G, Noll M. Cell 47, 1033-40, (1986).
- Cross-talk between the paired domain and the homeodomain of Pax3: DNA binding by each domain causes a structural change in the other domain, supporting interdependence for DNA Binding. Apuzzo S, Abdelhakim A, Fortin AS, Gros P. J. Biol. Chem. 279, 33601-12, (2004).
- Structure of two genes at the gooseberry locus related to the paired gene and their spatial expression during Drosophila embryogenesis. Baumgartner S, Bopp D, Burri M, Noll M. Genes Dev. 1, 1247-67, (1987).
Statistic of Transcription Factors
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Transcription Factor Table
| Gene ID | Insect | Gene Name | Gene Symbol |
|---|---|---|---|
| iTF_00000307 | Abrostola tripartita | Atri004772.1 | tc1a |
| iTF_00000299 | Abrostola tripartita | Atri008890.1 | pax2-a |
| iTF_00000300 | Abrostola tripartita | Atri005428.1 | gsb |
| iTF_00000301 | Abrostola tripartita | Atri005426.1 | gsb-n |
| iTF_00000302 | Abrostola tripartita | Atri019310.1 | PAX6 |
| iTF_00000303 | Abrostola tripartita | Atri021658.1 | PAX1 |
| iTF_00000304 | Abrostola tripartita | Atri005957.1 | Poxn |
| iTF_00000305 | Abrostola tripartita | Atri015293.1 | PAX5 |
| iTF_00000306 | Abrostola tripartita | Atri005956.1 | Poxn |
| iTF_00000308 | Abrostola tripartita | Atri015608.1 | tc1a |